Female Gentile 1

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FEMALE GENTILE PROBLEMS (Page 1 of 4)

Amenorrhoea

Amenorrhoea is the absence of a menstrual period.


	Primary amenorrhoea is when a young woman has not yet had a period by age 16.

	Secondary amenorrhoea describes someone who used to have a regular period but then it stopped for at least three months (this can include pregnancy).

What Are The Signs Of Amenorrhoea?

The main sign of amenorrhoea is missing a menstrual period. Regular periods are a sign of overall good health. Missing a period may mean that you are pregnant or that something is going wrong (see What are the causes of amenorrhoea?). It's important to tell your health care provider if you miss a period so he or she can begin to find out what is happening in your body.

Amenorrhoea itself is not a disease, but is usually a symptom of another condition. Depending on that condition, a woman might experience other symptoms, such as headache, vision changes, hair loss, or excess facial hair.

What Are The Causes Of Amenorrhoea?

Amenorrhoea is a symptom of a variety of conditions, ranging from not serious to serious.

Primary Amenorrhea Causes :


	Chromosomal or genetic abnormalities can cause the eggs and follicles involved in menstruation to deplete too early in life.

	Hypothalamic or pituitary diseases and physical problems, such as problems with reproductive organs, can prevent periods from starting.

	Moderate or excessive exercise, eating disorders (such as anorexia nervosa), extreme physical or psychological stress, or a combination of these can disrupt the normal menstrual cycle.

Secondary Amenorrhoea Causes :


	Common causes include many of those listed for primary amenorrhoea, as well as pregnancy, certain contraceptives, breastfeeding, mental stress, and certain medications.

	Hormonal problems involving the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, ovary, or adrenal glands can also cause amenorrhoea.

	Women who have very low body weight sometimes stop getting their periods as well.

	Women with premature ovarian failure stop getting regular their periods before natural menopause.

Dysmenorrhoea (Painful Periods, Menstrual Cramps)

Dysmenorrhoea (menstrual cramps, painful menstruation), involves menstrual periods that are accompanied by either sharp, intermittent pain or dull, aching pain, usually in the pelvis or lower abdomen.

Painful menstruation affects approximately 50% of menstruating women, and 10% are incapacitated for up to 3 days. Painful menstruation is the leading cause of lost time from school and work among women of childbearing age. This pain may precede menstruation by several days or may accompany it, and it usually subsides as menstruation tapers off.

Although some pain during menstruation is normal, excessive pain is not. Dysmenorrhoea refers to menstrual pain severe enough to limit normal activities or require medication. It may coexist with excessively heavy blood loss (menorrhagia).

Causes:


	Primary dysmenorrhoea refers to menstrual pain that occurs in otherwise healthy women. This type of pain is not related to any specific problems with the uterus or other pelvic organs.

	Secondary dysmenorrhoea is menstrual pain that is attributed to some underlying disease process or structural abnormality either within or outside the uterus (for example, pelvic inflammatory disease, fibroids, endometriosis, adhesions, adenomyosis, uterine displacement, or a retroverted uterus). Endometriosis is the most common cause of dysmenorrhoea associated with a disease process and is frequently misdiagnosed.

The incidence of menstrual pain is greatest in women in their late teens and 20s, then declines with age. Some women experience increased menstrual pain in their late 30s and 40s as their endocrine systems prepare for menopause by decreasing hormone levels and thus fertility. It does not appear to be affected by childbearing. An estimated 10 percent to 15 percent of women experience monthly menstrual pain severe enough to prevent normal daily function at school, work, or home.